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  1. A bstract We argue for a relation between the supersymmetry breaking scale and the measured value of the dark energy density Λ. We derive it by combining two quantum gravity consistency swampland constraints, which tie the dark energy density Λ and the gravitino mass M 3 / 2 , respectively, to the mass scale of a light Kaluza-Klein tower and, therefore, to the UV cut-off of the effective theory. Whereas the constraint on Λ has recently led to the Dark Dimension scenario, with a prediction of a single mesoscopic extra dimension of the micron size, we use the constraint on M 3 / 2 to infer the implications of such a scenario for the scale of supersymmetry breaking. We find that a natural scale for supersymmetry signatures is $$ M=\mathcal{O}\left({\Lambda}^{\frac{1}{8}}\right)=\mathcal{O}\left(\textrm{TeV}\right). $$ M = O Λ 1 8 = O TeV . This mass scale is within reach of LHC and of the next generation of hadron colliders. Finally, we discuss possible string theory and effective supergravity realizations of the Dark Dimension scenario with broken supersymmetry. 
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    Free, publicly-accessible full text available May 1, 2024
  2. A bstract In this article we show that finite perturbative corrections in non-supersymmetric strings can be understood via an interplay between modular invariance and misaligned supersymmetry. While modular invariance is known to be crucial in closed-string models, its presence and role for open strings is more subtle. Nevertheless, we argue that it leads to cancellations in physical quantities such as the one-loop cosmological constant and prevents them from diverging. In particular, we show that if the sector-averaged number of states does not grow exponentially, as predicted by misaligned supersymmetry, all exponential divergences in the one-loop cosmological constant cancel out as well. To account for the absence of power-law divergences, instead, we need to resort to the modular structure of the partition function. We finally comment on the presence of misaligned supersymmetry in the known 10-dimensional tachyon-free non-supersymmetric string theories. 
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    A bstract The study of non-supersymmetric string theories is shedding light on an important corner of the string landscape and might ultimately explain why, so far, we did not observe supersymmetry in our universe. We review how misaligned supersymmetry in closed-string theories leads to a cancellation between bosons and fermions even in non-supersymmetric string theories. We then show that the same cancellation takes place for open strings by studying an anti-D p -brane placed on top of an O p -plane in type II string theory. Misaligned supersymmetry consists in cancellations between bosons and fermions at different energy levels, in such a way that the averaged number of states grows at a rate dominated by a factor $$ {\mathrm{e}}^{C_{\mathrm{e}\mathrm{ff}}\sqrt{n}} $$ e C eff n , with C eff < C tot , where C tot is the inverse Hagedorn temperature. We prove the previously conjectured complete cancellation, i.e. we prove that C eff = 0, for a vast class of models. 
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